Background: Pain-associated psychological distress adversely influences outcomes for patients with musculoskeletal pain.
However, assessment of pain-associated psychological distress (i.e, yellow flags) is not routinely performed in orthopaedic physical therapy practice. A standardized yellow flag assessment tool will better inform treatment decision making related to psychologically informed practice.
Objectives: To describe the development of a concise, multidimensional yellow flag assessment tool for application in orthopaedic physical therapy clinical practice.
Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(5):327-345.