Knee

Anterior knee pain is one of the most common causes of persistent problems after implantation of a total knee replacement. It can occur in patients with or without patellar resurfacing. As a result of the surgical procedure itself many changes can occur which may affect the delicate interplay of the joint partners in the patello-femoral joint. Functional causes of anterior knee pain can be distinguished from mechanical causes. The functional causes concern disorders of inter- and intramuscular coordination, which can be attributed to preoperative osteoarthritis.

Research about anterior knee pain has shown that not only the thigh muscles but also the hip and trunk stabilising muscles may be responsible for the development of a dynamic valgus malalignment. Dynamic valgus may be a causative factor for patellar maltracking.  

The mechanical causes of patello-femoral problems after knee replacement can be distinguished according to whether they increase instability in the joint, increase joint pressure or whether they affect the muscular lever arms.

These causes include offset errors, oversizing, rotational errors of femoral or tibial component, instability, maltracking and chondrolysis, patella baja and aseptic loosening. In these cases, reoperation or revision is often necessary.

These 3 issues on-line courses provide a clear, concise manual concerning the
process of physical examination of the knee.

This illustrated guide would direct the clinician in a logical, efficient and
thorough search for relevant anatomy and pathology. To facilitate the
teaching, the 3 issues contains over 100 illustrations.

Part 1: Observation and Bony Palpation

This on-line course illustrates the observation examination
and surface anatomy of the knee and its clinical relevance
to knee pathology.

These 3 issues on-line courses provide a clear, concise manual concerning the process of physical examination of the knee.

This illustrated guide would direct the clinician in a logical, efficient and thorough search for relevant anatomy and pathology. To facilitate the teaching, the 3 issues contains over 100 illustrations.

Part 2: Soft Tissue Palpation.

This on-line course will take you step by step over soft tissue palpation of the knee region related to clinical situations.

These 3 issues on-line courses provide a clear, concise manual concerning the
process of physical examination of the knee.

This illustrated guide would direct the clinician in a logical, efficient and
thorough search for relevant anatomy and pathology. To facilitate the
teaching, the 3 issues contains over 100 illustrations.

Part 3: Tests for Joint Stability and Effusion.

This course is an illustrated guide for testing knee joint instability i.e.
ACL, PSL, MCL, LCL. In addition, useful tests for knee effusion will be discussed.